A data acquisition system is designed to collect relevant measurement data for characterization, monitoring or control. The defined parameters of an application will determine the resolution, correctness, channel count and speed needs for a data acquisition system. There are a wide range of data acquisition systems and solutions available on the market. When implementing a data acquisition system, a detailed application requirement regarding capability and performance should be in place. The data acquisition system components are composed of devices, boards and equipment which gather data from external instruments and transforms the data into an analogue or digital (A/D) form for potential processing or signal conditioning.
Measurement Hardware
The most basic element of a data acquisition system is A/D Converter, which is used to convert DC voltages gained from the transducers into digital data. The gauged voltages may be equivalent to a certain temperature, pressure, flow or speed. Digital Input is another element of a data acquisition system which detects a digital bit pattern to examine whether an external device is on or off. Counter can be utilized to count incidents stemming from an external device. For instance, a counter card can be used to count the number of digital pulses.
Measurement Hardware
The most basic element of a data acquisition system is A/D Converter, which is used to convert DC voltages gained from the transducers into digital data. The gauged voltages may be equivalent to a certain temperature, pressure, flow or speed. Digital Input is another element of a data acquisition system which detects a digital bit pattern to examine whether an external device is on or off. Counter can be utilized to count incidents stemming from an external device. For instance, a counter card can be used to count the number of digital pulses.
Control Hardware
A D/A converter conducts the opposite functionality of an aforementioned A/D device. A D/A converter translates commands from the control hardware and transforms them into matching DC voltage or current. A Digital Output is another control hardware which receives commands from the control hardware and transforms them into a relevant digital bit pattern. The control switching card is used to provide power to external fans, pumps or valves through fulfilling an electrical circuit.
Switching
Electromechanical switches, including reed and armature relays, are important components in low-speed applications. A primary advantage is their capability to switch high-voltage and current levels; however, they are confined to switching rates of several hundred channels per second while electronic switches are utilized in high-speed applications. Multiplexer Configuration is mainly used for signal switching to a single measuring device. Normally, in the multiplexer configuration, only one signal is associated each time to the measuring device and the switching is break-before-make.
A D/A converter conducts the opposite functionality of an aforementioned A/D device. A D/A converter translates commands from the control hardware and transforms them into matching DC voltage or current. A Digital Output is another control hardware which receives commands from the control hardware and transforms them into a relevant digital bit pattern. The control switching card is used to provide power to external fans, pumps or valves through fulfilling an electrical circuit.
Switching
Electromechanical switches, including reed and armature relays, are important components in low-speed applications. A primary advantage is their capability to switch high-voltage and current levels; however, they are confined to switching rates of several hundred channels per second while electronic switches are utilized in high-speed applications. Multiplexer Configuration is mainly used for signal switching to a single measuring device. Normally, in the multiplexer configuration, only one signal is associated each time to the measuring device and the switching is break-before-make.
Signal Conditioning
This component is to magnify, attenuate, shape or segregate signals from transducers before they are transferred to the measurement hardware. Signal conditioning transforms the signal to a form which is better gauged by the system, or improves the chances of being measured. Transducers are instruments which convert physical parameters into electrical variables. The electrical variables are measured and the consequences are converted to engineering units.
This component is to magnify, attenuate, shape or segregate signals from transducers before they are transferred to the measurement hardware. Signal conditioning transforms the signal to a form which is better gauged by the system, or improves the chances of being measured. Transducers are instruments which convert physical parameters into electrical variables. The electrical variables are measured and the consequences are converted to engineering units.
Computer and Software
The computer can transfer data and store data for the data acquisition system while software enables communication between the computer and the hardware. Software can enable one to set the sampling rate of a board and obtain a predefined volume of data.
The computer can transfer data and store data for the data acquisition system while software enables communication between the computer and the hardware. Software can enable one to set the sampling rate of a board and obtain a predefined volume of data.
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